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LIMA

 

PRE-COLUMBIAN PERIOD:
In Very Ancient Times, There Was a Fishermen Village in the Area, Whose Inhabitants Were Essentially Religious. Later on, the Proto-Lima Culture Appeared Comprising Two Expressions: the Maranga and the Aramburu.The Cultures in the Lima Valley Were Developed by Three People: the Collas Coming From Canta and Huarochiri, the Huanchos Who Came Following the Course of the Rimac River, and the Huallas Who Entered the Valley Through Carabayllo. When the Incas Arrived, They Respected Their Buildings, Way of Living and Religion, Allowing Them to Worship the New God Pachacarnac Along With Their Own God the Sun.

HISPANIC PERIOD:
The City of Lima Was Founded by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535, Reaching its Greatest Splendor in the 17th and 18th Centuries, During Which it Became the Seat of the Political and Military Power Represented by the Viceroy.During the Reign of the Habsburg and Borbon Dynasties, Which Ruled in Different Periods First the Habsburg and Then the Borbonsina Succession of 40 Viceroys Occupying the Government House.Most of Them Were Military People the Three Last Viceroys of Peru had theRank of General, Being the Viceroy Jose de la Serna the Last Viceroy in American Land Signing theCapitulation of Ayacucho in 1824.Lima Was Known as the Convent City by the Amount of Churches That Were in it. Due to This ,During This Period of 282 Years, Religious Life 'Flourished. This Being the Time of Santa Rosa of Lima, Patron Saint of Peru, America and the Philippines, the World Then Began to Know San Martin de Porras, Patron Saint of Barbers and Hairdressers, and Also San Juan Masias.

REPUBLICAN PERIOD:
General Jose de San Martin, Proclaimed the Independence of Peru in Lima on July 28, 1821. It Was Later, During the Government of Mariscal Ramon Castilla, That Lima Took an Advanced Step Over the Cities of the American Continent by Implementing a Railroad For the First Time in South America Between the Cities of Lima and Callao. It Was Also During This Period That Gaslight and the Telegraph Were Installed and Black Slavery Was Abolished.

TOURISTIC ATTRACTIONS

LA PLAZA DE ARMAS (The Main Square):
It was Francisco Pizarro, the Founder of Lima Who Determined the Area For the Square, as Well as the Location For the Government House (now the Government Palace), the Cathedral and the Cabildo (Town Hall). Today, This Square Continues to Occupy the Same Original Area, in the Middle of Which There is a Splendid Bronze Fountain Dating Back to 1650.

THE CATHEDRAL: It was Initially Devoted to Our Lady of Assumption. It Was Destroyed Almost Entirely During theEarthquake in 1746, the Viceroy Jose Antonio Manso de Velasco Conde de Superunda Had it Rebuilt in 1758. Its Interior is Remarkable For the Intricate Carving Work of the Wooden Seats of the Choir, the Heavily Ornamented "Inmaculada" Chapel of Baroque Style and an Ivory Christ Carved by Martinez Montañez, a Splendid Gift From King Charles V. Entering the Church and to the Right There is a Chapel Which Holds the Remains of the Conqueror Francisco Pizarro. In the Sacristy There is a Museum of Religious Art.

GOVERNMENT PALACE: Also Known as the House of Pizarro Because Since the Foundation of Lima, This Was the Place Where the Conqueror Worked and Lived Until his Death in 1541. It has Magnificent Halls Such as the Salon Dorado Where Important Paintings are Exhibited. It Also has an Elegant Area Which is the Official Residence of the President of Peru. It is Recommended to Attend the Change of Guards Which Takes Place Daily at 11:45 am. In the Front Esplanade.

SANTO DOMINGO CHURCH AND MONASTERY: (In the Corner of the Streets Conde de Superunda and Camana Streets). It Was Builtby the End of the l6th Century. On the Left, the Virgin of the Rosary is Venerated. To the Right There is an Altar for Peruvian Saints: Santa Rosa de Lima, San Martin de Porras and San Juan Masias. Under Each of the Images There is a Silver Urn Containing Relics of These Saints. The Tower of the Church is of a Singular Architectural Style, and The Monastery is One of the Best Preserved in Lima.

SAN PEDRO’S CHURCH: (It is in the Comer of Azangaro and Ucayali Streets) This Church was Built by the Jesuits in 1624. Its Side Aisles are Notable for Their Arcades and Gold-Leaf-Covered Altars of Baroque Style. Especially Remarkable are the Altars of San Ignacio de Loyola and Santa Lucia. The Church Has Numerous Colonial Paintings and Has a Laboriously Carved Stone Portico.

SAN FRANCISCO CHURCH: (Is in Ancash Street,inthe 2nd Block) This Colonial Architectural Complex Includes the Monastery, the Church of San Francisco and the Chapels of La Soledad and El Milagro. The Monastery, Cloisters and the Entrance Hall are Embelished with Authentic SevillianTiles From 1620. Also Remarkable are the Museum of Religious Art, the Zurbaran Room and the Library. The Complex was Built Over Underground Galleries or Catacombs Which were Used as Cemeteries During the Colony, But Nowadays They Can be Visited.

LA MERCED CHURCH: It is in Jiron de la Union Street 6th Block) This Church Has a Notable Stone Portico (18th Century). Its Main Altar Renders Homage to the Virgin of the Mercies, Patron Saint of the Armed Forces of Peru and Who Holds the Title of Mariscala (Marshal). In the Right Aisle, the Crossof PadreUrraca (Padre Urraca's Cross) is Venerated Because of his Many Miracles.

JESUS MARIA CHURCH: (It is in the Comer of Moquegua and Camana Streets) Single Aisle Church with Magnificent Altars Carved on Wood Covered with Gold Leaf and a Pulpitin Baroque Style.

SANTA ROSA CHURCH AND SANCTUARY: (It is in Tacna Avenue, I St block) The Church was Built Where Isabel Flores de Oliva, (Was Her Real Name) Santa Rosa de Lima, was Born in (1586). It Keeps its Relics and the Famous “Doctorcito” or Image of the Christ Child Who is Believed to Have Assisted Her When She Took Care of Sick People. In the Gardenis the Hermitage That She Built with Her Brother and the Well in Which the Saint Dropped the Key of the Lock of Her Penitence Waist Chain.

THE NAZARENAS CHURCH AND CONVENT: (In the Comer of Huancavelica. Street and Tacna Avenue). It was Built During the Colony Upon the Place That Used to be the Quarter of Pachacamilla, a Place Inhabited by Descendants of Black Slaves Brought From Angola Who had Conformed a Confraternity. It is Said That One of Them Painted an Image of Christ on the Cross Upon a Wall. This Wall Remained Unharmed in Spite of a Severe Earthquake (1655). It was Since Then That Cult and Devotion to the Image Has Considerably Increased. A Replica of the Painting, was Made and it is Carried Throughout the City, Every October (I 8th, I 9th and 28th), in Impressive Processions. The Image is known as El Señor de los Milagros (The Lord of the Miracles), Cristo Morado (Purple Christ) or Cristo de los Temblores (Christ of the Earthquakes) and is Considered the Patron Saint of Lima.

SAN SEBASTIAN CHURCH: (It is in Ica Street, 5th Block) This Church was Built in 1544 and Was the First Parish in Lima. It Was Here That Santa Rosa de Lima, San Martin de Porras, Jose Santos Chocano and Francisco Bolognesi, Among Other Prominent Peruvians, Were Baptized. It Has Been Recently Restored.

SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH: (In the Comer of Ica and Camana Streets) It Was Built in the 19th Century. Of its Original Structure Only the Baroques Tile Portico Remains, the Sacristy with Carvings in Wood and in the Anteroom a Beautifully Carved Ceiling, a Tile Skirting and Also an Impressive Wooden Sculpture of La Muerte (Death) by Balthazar Gavilan

SAN MARCELO CHURCH: (In THE Corner of Rufino Torrico Street and Emancipation Avenue) It was Founded by the Augustinian Congregation During the Middle of the 16th Century. Its Facade Has Expressions of Baroque Style.

MUSEUMS

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY. It is Located in Plaza Bolivar in the District of Pueblo Libre. Phone (51-1) 463-5070. Visits: Tuesday to Saturday From 9 am to 5:45 pm. Sundays, From 9 am to 4:45 pm.Evidence of all Cultures in the Peruvian Civilization are Exhibited in a Chronological and Didactic Way, Being the Most Interesting the Collections of Chavin, Paracas, Nazca, Mochica, Huari, Chimu, and Inca.Paintings, Objects, Documents and Relics of the Colony, Emancipation, Independence Process and Republican Period are Exhibited in the Adjoining Manor House, Which Was the Residence of the Viceroys Pezuela and La Serna and Peru's Liberators San Martin and Bolivar

GOLD OF PERU MUSEUM: It is in Alonso de Molina Street 1100 in the District of Surco. Phone (51-1) 435-2917. Daily Visits From 12 am to 7 pm.Exhibition of Thousands of Gold Pieces Such as Necklaces, Funerary Masks, Scepters, Ceremonial Cups, Tumis (Sacrificial Knives), Nose Rings, Earrings and Idols, Which Show How Advanced Were the Gold and Silver Works in Ancient Peru. There is Also a Large Collection of Weaponry From Different Parts of the World.

RAFAEL LARCO HERRERA: ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM: It is in Bolivar Avenue 1515 in the District of Pueblo Libre. Phone (51-1) 461-1312 / 461-1835. Visits: Monday to Saturday From 9 am to 6 pm. Sundays From 9 am to 1 pm.There is an Interesting Collection of Ceramics, Textiles, Gold and Silver Work, Especially From the Northern Civilizations. There is Also a Room with Erotic Ceramics and a Vault Containing Pieces of Gold and Jewelry.

MUSEO DE LA NACION: (Is at East Javier Prado Avenue 2465 in the District of San BorJa. Phone (51-1) 476-9875 / 476-9901. Visits: Tuesday to Sundays From 9 am to 6 pm. The Most Important Aspects in the Development of Ancient Peru are Presented in Impressive Halls. There are Also Replicas of Archaeological Sites, Engravings and Dioramas,

AMANOMUSEUM: It is in Retiro Street 160 in the District of Miraflores. Phone (51-1) 442-2909. Visits are Subject to Previous Telephone Appointments. Private Collection of Mr. Yoshitaro Amano Displaying Selected Pieces of Ceramics and Textiles From the Chancay Culture.

ART MUSEUM: It is in Paseo Colon Avenue 125. Phone (51-1) 423-4732. Visits: Tuesday to Sunday From 9 am to 5 pm.Panoramic Exhibition of Peruvian Culture: Pre-Columbian Ceramics and Textiles, Colonial Furniture and Silverware, Costumes and Veiled Women (Tapadas) and Also Paintings From the Cusco School, as Well as From the Republican and Contemporary Periods.

BANCO CENTRAL DE RESERVA MUSEUM:In the Corner of Lampa. And Ucayali Streets. Phone (51-1) 427-6250. Visits: Tuesday to Friday From 10 am to 4:30 pm. Saturdays and Sundays From 10 am to 1pm.Pre-Columbian Ceramics, Coins and Paintings, Among Other Collectible Pieces.

SAN FRANCISCO DE JESUS MUSEUM: It is in Ancash Street, 3rd Block Daily Visits From 10 am to 5:45 pm.Liturgical Pieces From the Colonial Period, Carvings and Paintings by Zurbaran.

MUSEUM OF THE CONGRESS AND THE INQUISITION: It is in Plaza del Congreso (Congress Square), Also Known as Plaza Bolivar and Plaza de la Inquisicion. Phone (51-1) 427-0365. Visits: Monday to Friday: 9 am to 1 pm. and 2 to 6 pm. Saturdays: From 9 am to 1pm.The Audience Chamber has a Splendid Carved Ceiling. The Original Cells Show Inscriptions Made by the Prisoners. There is Also on-the-Site Reproductions of the Punishments Inflicted by of the Holy InquisitionTribunal.

MUSEUM OF PERUVIAN CULTURE: It is on Alfonso Ugarte Avenue 650. Phone (51-1) 423-5892. Visits: Tuesday to Friday From 10 am to 2:30 pm. Saturdays From 10 am to 2:30 pm.Exhibition of Peruvian Popular Art (Ceramics, Textiles, Leather Work and Religious Images).

JAVIER PRADO MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY OF SAN MARCOS MAJOR UNIVERSITYIt is in Arenales Avenue 1256 in the District of Lince. Phone (51-1) 471-0117. Visits: Monday to Saturday From 9 to 12 am. Sundays From 9 am to 1pm.There You Can See a Collection of Peruvian Flora and Fauna Species and Minerals, Started by Italian Investigator Antonio Raimondi. Interesting Dioramas.

MUSEUM OF ITALIAN ART: It is in Paseo de la Republica Avenue, 2nd Block - Parque Neptune. Phone (51-1) 423-9932. Visits: Monday to Friday From 9 am to 2:30 pm.Italian Works of Art From the Last and Present Centuries. Temporary Expositions are Regularly Held.

CONVENTO DE LOS DESCALZOS MUSEUM: It is in Alameda de Los Descalzos 202 in the District of Rimac. Phone (51-1) 481-044 1. Visits: Thursday to Monday: 9:30 am to I pm. and 3 to 6 pm. Valuable Colonial Paintings and Religious Objects.

CATHEDRAL MUSEUM OF RELIGIOUS ART: It is in the Main Square. Phone (51-1) 427-5980. Visits: Monday to Friday: 10 to 12:45 am. And 2 to 4:45 pm. Carvings, Ornaments, Paintings, Furniture and Liturgical Objects From the Colonial Period.

MUSEUMS IN THE MAIN QUARTERS OF THE SAN MARCOS MAJOR UNIVERSITY: (It is in Parque Universitario)ARCHAEOLOGICAL ANDETHNOLOGICALMUSEUM: Phone (51-1) 428-0052. Visits: Monday to Saturday From 8 am to 2 pm.Exhibition of the Chavin Collection as Well as the Latest Archaeological Findings Made by the University. There is Also a Collection of Interesting Pre-Columbian Musical Instruments.

ART AND HISTORY MUSEUM: Phone (51-1) 427-4870. Visits: Monday to Saturday from 9 am to 2 pm. Colonial Paintings, Books, Furniture, Documents and Peruvian Popular Art.

BULLFIGHTING MUSEUM: It is in Hualgayoc Street 332 in the District of Rimac - Plaza de Acho.Paintings, Costumes,Dissected Bulls Heads and Pictures of the Most Renowned Bullfighters.

MANSIONS

PALACIO DE TORRE TAGLE:
(It is in Ucayali Street, 3rd Block)It is the Present Headquarters of the Peruvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This Mansion Dates Back to the Early 18th Century. Its Main Particularity is the Inspiration of the Sevillian, Mudejar and Criollo styles in its Architecture. It has a Stone Portico and Two Carved Balconies, Considered the Most Beautiful in Lima.

CASA DE PILATOS: (It is in Ancash Street 390)Present Headquarters of the National Cultural Institute. Dating Back to the 16th Century, it Has Stone Columns and a Monumental Stairway Facing the Front Door.

CASA ALIAGA: (It is in Jirón de la Union Street 224)When Lima Was Founded in (1535), by Francisco Pizarro he Gave Conqueror Geronimo de Aliaga a Piece of Land Owned by the CuracaTauliChusco (Main Authority in the Rimac Valley) Which Served as a Worship Pre-Hispanic Center. Upon This Land the Conqueror Built This Mansion in Which his Descendants Have Lived Since Then. An Unusual Case in America.

CASA DE LAS TRECE MONEDAS: (It is in Ancash Street 536) Its Name Means The House of the Thirteen Coins. This Single-Story Residence Dating Back to Mid-18th Century Still Preserves its Original Architectural Elements.

CASA DE LA RIVA: (It is in Ica Street, 426)An 18th Century Building. Now Headquarters of the "Entre Nous" Cultural Association.

CASA DE OQUENDO OR PALACIO DE OSAMBELA: (It is in Conde de Superunda Street 298)
Finished in 1807, This Mansion Has Five Balconies and a Viewer From Which the First Owner of the Place, Don Martin de Osambela Watched With a Spyglass the Arrival of Galleons to the Port in Callao.

CASA DE LA RIVA AGUERO: (It is in Camana Street 459). From the Eighteen Century it is a Splendid Mansion in Which the Riva Agüero Institute, and the Center For Humanistic Studies of the Universidad, Have Their Premises Today. It Also Houses the Popular Tradition and Art Museum, With its Selected Exhibition of Popular Peruvian Art Donated by Private Collectors, the Best of Which are Its Masks and Religious Images.
 

 

 

 
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